The volitional nature of the simplest reflex.

نویسندگان

  • J R Wolpaw
  • J S Carp
چکیده

Recent studies suggest that none of the behaviors of the vertebrate CNS are fixed responses incapable of change. Even the simplest reflex of all, the two-neuron, monosynaptic spinal stretch reflex (SSR), undergoes adaptive change under appropriate circumstances. Operantly conditioned SSR change occurs gradually over days and weeks and is associated with a complex pattern of CNS plasticity at both spinal and supraspinal sites.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

A novel mechanism for volitional locomotion in larval zebrash

To locomote stably, animals must coordinate volitional actions that change posture with opposing reflexes that hold posture constant [1–8]. These conflicting actions are thought to necessitate integrated control, in which reflexes are modulated to permit or even produce volitional movements [9–14]. Here we report that larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) utilize a simpler control scheme featuring ind...

متن کامل

Motor control in patients with incomplete spinal cord injuries and various voluntary movement capabilities.

BACKGROUND In this study, we attempted to verify the hypothesis that further improvements in volitional movement of patients with a spinal cord injury would diminish and ultimately suppress the segmental responses, while enhancing the supraspinal inhibitory influence. METHODS Eleven patients with an incomplete spinal cord injury and partial preservation of motor function (ASIS grades C and D)...

متن کامل

Validity of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior in Students: Structural Model

Objectives The current study aimed at validating the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of suicidal behavior in Iranian students.  Methods The population of the current descriptive correlational and structural equation model included all students of Ardabil city among which 520 people of Mohaghegh Ardabili University students were selected as the sample. Suicide Attempt Scale, The Suicid...

متن کامل

Extraretinal signals in MSTd neurons related to volitional smooth pursuit.

Smooth pursuit (SP)-related neurons in the dorsal-medial part of medial superior temporal cortex (MSTd) carry extraretinal signals that may play a role in maintenance of SP once eye velocity matches target velocity. For example, it has not been determined whether the extraretinal signals reflect volitional SP commands or proprioception. The aim of this study was to test some potential sources o...

متن کامل

An Unusual Case of the Grasp Reflex, with Some Observations on the Volitional and Reflex Components.

IN 1927 Adie and Critchley, in their review of the grasp reflex, concluded that the closure of the hand following a stroke across the palm is an involuntary reflex response to a tactile stimulus. The whole hand, arm, or even the body may sometimes turn reflexly in the direction of the stimulus. " Forced groping and grasping " after objects merely coming into the neighbourhood of the hand they a...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis

دوره 53 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1993